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In Latin the word order doesn't matter, just like it doesn't matter in the Spanish language. In Spanish and in Latin you could say "vivo en Espana" and "en Espana vivo". "habito/vivo in Hispania" and "in Hispania habito/vivo". Both Latin words "vivere" and "habitare" are interchangeable. Ditto in Spanish; however, in Spanish we have a preference to use "vivo" over "habito" since habito might come off couth/academic.

These videos are so interesting.

im trying to do the REAL r not the retroflex r

2:23 its called the aveolar ridge not the gummy ridge

Do you have a video on the Spanish from Equatorial Guinea? Not highly important, but lately RUclips has been suggesting me Spanish videos from there. So, it would be interesting if you had any insights on what make it unique from a phonetics standpoint.

EDS and TMJ are examples of conditions that affect proprioception and range of movement of cranial and facial features. This is an example of something that could affect a person's ability to move their mouth, as you described in the beginning of the video.

If people are still struggling, thats okay. I've been trying for weeks to get it and I've started to be able to do it inconstantly after watching dozens of videos. I believe I understand the issue now, and it's that the trilled r uses muscles in the mouth that native English speakers typically just don't use, and when you don't use a muscle, it deteriorates. Watching videos about rolling rs is like watching videos on how to flex your bicep for someone who has never moved their arm before. Theres no trick or secret, you just need to strengthen the muscle by trying to do it frequently. Use the techniques from different videos and just try to replicate it whenever you're alone. You will not get it immediately. You just want to find those muscles and work them out until they are strong enough to do it. Babies babble for years trying to mimic sounds their parents heard. The only difference between you and the baby is that you never heard this particular sound enough to try to mimic it as a child. So now to get it you basically need to become a baby again and babble until you can do it.

Great job. Ref bonus section - I am struggling with the ou combination with ´Compro una casa - [ 'kom.pɾou.na 'ka.s̺a ] and the ¨Compró una casa - [ kom.'pɾóu.na 'ka.s̺a ] when the first and second words start combining together. I have heard it said a few different ways - thanks for your great job.

Btw I speak sardinian :) I wanted to add to the "house" part. in Sardinian it's domo (singular), which came from the ablative, commonly used in the sentence "in domo", at home, (there are other words that came from the ablative form in Sardinian), and domos in the plural. The word is feminine. It changes in pronunciation depending on variations (domo/os in the north, domu/us in the south, but I can't tell for other related languages in the island). Example: Ego so in domo means I am at home (I am in house literally), considering the variety spoken near the town of Oliena/Orgosolo Cras on the other hand does not mean house, but it means "tomorrow", like in: cras fakimus su ki m'as naratu ( lit. tomorrow we do that which to me you-have told ) PS I'm using k instead of the usual italian ch for clarity sake :p most sardinian write sardinian with italian orthography

Pronouncing y as ll it's sounds weird for me. They're two different sounds in my dialect, "calló" and "cayó" are pronounced different.

Helpful but still can’t get it.

As an english speaker trying to learn spanish it is much more difficult to understand someone when they are using the s-reduction.

quality content

Excellent information!!!

really interesting video! my grandparents are from bolivia and i always wondered why one uses vos why the other never does but turns out its because my grandmother is from a more upper class family with more direct ties to spain while my grandfather grew up in a more rural setting.

I find your videos fascinating as a British English speaker (a slightly more conservative SSE speaker specifically) with some elementary Spanish who is brushing up on my French. They're interesting in themselves, but really help me think about my own pronunciation and how I learn and practice grammar. Your videos really highlight subtle differences between GA and BE on top of that, as well as keeping at the learned bits of Spanish in my brain a little active too.

I wish a channel like this existed for japanese, I'm obsessed with pronunciation but I'm already a native Spanish speaker LMAO

When reading aloud, how do I know that I'm pronouncing well? How do I get feedback? It doesn't seem useful to read aloud if you can't tell how well you're doing it.

Spanish needs more Arabic words

I'm a recent subscriber and I have to tell you how rare it is to find someone who focuses on the Spanish language with a hard, analytical linguistics approach. I'm a phonologist who was on an academic track to become a Spanish instructor (eventually pivoting to TESOL because institutions don't prioritize backgrounds in linguistics for Spanish programs!) so it feels like I'm coming across a treasure trove of information from someone who actually knows what they're talking about!

My language has the trilled r but i cant do it I always just get a sort of h sound instead

love it

¿Cuáles son los requisitos para que usted recopile y analice español en las voces de Vuers?/What are the requirements for you to collect and analyze Spanish in the Vuers voices?

say "la" 10x. say "ah-la" 10x. say "ooh-la" 10x. slowly change "la" to "ra" with the same tongue movement. Now repeat this except breathe out every time. somewhere in between you might have accidentally done it. your tongue needs to adapt and remember this movement.

I don’t know if you will see this but would you recommend learning one specific dialect over just general Spanish?

Please don't try S-reduction as a non-native speaker. Sorry, it just ends up sounding super awkward. I've never encountered a non-native speaker master it well, tho I'm sure it's not technically impossible.

Im sorry but I have watched this video like 7 times and still don’t get how to say the other D (not the Th one)

What do you think of this specific path to get from Latin /kt/ to Spanish /tʃ/:? /nok.te/ -> /nox.te/ (lenition) -> /noj.te/ (lenition + assimilation w/alveolar /t/) -> /no.tje/ (metathesis) -> /no.tʃe/ (palatalization + affrication) /ok.to/ -> /ox.to/ (lenition) -> /oj.to/ (lenition + assimilation w/alveolar /t/) -> /o.tjo/ (metathesis) -> /o.tʃo/ (palatalization + affrication) Perhaps in this scenario, steps 1 to 3 would be shared between Spanish and Portuguese, with Spanish in this case evolving further in both cases, and Brazilian Portuguese evolving further and similarly, but only in the case of words ending in orthographic 'e'.

EMOSIDO ENGAÑADO

Venezuelan here, from Barquisimeto originally so in the midst of the dialectal whirlpool of western Venezuela; I believe the vos in Zulia is mostly a register thing; you see, the Zulian identity is very strong and thus in a way the "vos" is a community marker because even if it's not really that hard, it's also not easy to perfectly imítate the Zulian accent with all the grammar changes and particular words they use, even if you master the basic conjugational differences. That's why there's the phrase about the "Independent Republic of Zulia" <3 Dicho eso, amo Maracaibo, quiero morir atragantado en patacones

I'm Venezuelan and I just spent the whole video tripping saying the words out loud and confirming 100% that the subtle differences are there and once you're aware of them you can't stop looking for them. Thank u!

I had been doing this somehow on my teeth and thought it was correct- turns out no! No wonder it kept sounding wrong despite doing it in front of mouth like people said

When I get an interest in a new language, I always try to find a good phonetics' resource. The videos you produce for Spanish are absolutely invaluable in this regard and I haven't even got to other content. Thank you so much for your amazing work, hope you'll get deserved recognition.

As someone who has taught evolutionary biology the confusion outlined here is a very familiar one. It’s essentially the “if we evolved from monkeys, why are thee still monkeys?!” confusion.

Btw, a way to simplify the later latin vowel shift in your head would be: 1. The high-mid vowels that you find in Germanic languages but not in any romance language that I know disappear 2. Short i and u > e and o 3. Short e and o > to "open" e and o* *only when stressed If you look at the ipa vowel chart, each vowel simply lowers once

I have an issue with some of the terminology in this video. 2:31 In linguistics, plosives and stops are synonymous terms. The term you're looking for to describe English stops is that they're "aspirated" (in word-initial and stressed-syllable-initial positions) 2:36 Occlusives and Obstruents are different from stops/plosives. Occlusive includes affricates and nasals, while obstruents include fricatives and affricates but not nasals.

Hold on. So, in the case of english, would, say, US midwest, southern drawl, east coast, and like British and Australian all be considered dialects of english? Not accents? I've always found it strange we call them accents from a different English speaking region. And also from another language entirely. To me, there should be a defined difference.

I pronounce the "ll" and "y" like /ɟʝ/, or basically ʝ, but harder

Would love to see a drawing where to place my tong to make the perfect sound.

Amazing job, your channel is full of awesome content! Keep the good job 👍 As a native speaker from Spain, I have only one little remark concerning the sentence in the thumbnail for this video: "¿Cómo ha estado usted?", in the preterite perfect tense. Though grammatically correct, it sounds quite strange as a greeting. Maybe it's used in some parts of South America, but I don't think it's the case. After much thinking, I can't imagine any normal situation in which one would use "¿Cómo ha estado usted?" as a greeting alone. Maybe it could be used in very specific situations, for example: two persons meet after a long time, and one of them is concerned about the health or the living conditions of the other. But even in that case, this sentence alone would sound unnatural unless something else is added, for example: "¿Y cómo ha estado usted todo este tiempo?". Another situation, more likely: an older person has been some days in a hospital, or in a resting house, hotel, etc., and then it's picked up at the exit by a younger person, who may ask something like: "¿Y qué, cómo ha estado usted aquí?". But notice that in both cases it's not really a greeting, but a question about some concrete circumstances. I hope it helps.

Sublime.

Good video. Some observations: The word "subrayar", while often pronounced with a trill due to the two morphemes sub-rayar (like English underline), is losing its morpheme separation for some speakers, who treat it as a single morpheme, so it syllabifies as su - bra - yar (tapped R) instead of morphemic sub - ra - yar (trilled R). Also, when R appears before a certain consonants, it can be a trill even in non-emphatic speech, because it's sometimes easier to pronounce. This mostly happens before the alveolars /n/, /l/, /d/. "caRRne", "CaRRlos", "oRRden" are not that uncommon. Sometimes it's easier to pronounce the trill than to pronounce a delicate tap before another alveolar.

So you want me to be born again and hope that I’m born in a Spanish speaking country, basically.

I am from Quito, nearly 40 years old and we do use *vos* on a daily basis. Of course they would be with people that you are familiar with (besides family and friend circles, with work colleagues if you are closer to them) I really like the vos pronoun because it makes feel natural when speaking; my grandparents used that with us. And I used to address to one of my grandpas with the “usted” pronoun but he told me “Use tú with me, don’t be formal” I was 8 years old.

Português parece na verdade a fase anterior do castelhano...

I am not studying linguistics but studying for the Praxis for Teaching Speakers of other Languages. Being an elementary teacher I have studied and used phonics for many years; however, the way I need to understand it to become a TESOL is a different context. Just using the definitions of Phonetics and Phonology wasn’t clear and I didn’t understand how its application of these concepts were applied or even important. I have watched several videos but your video was applicable to my native language. Your example sentences really helped me understand what phonology means. Most succinct and understandable video I have found! Thank you!

The reduction of the article is the norm in Catalan (like 'l'amor' instead of 'el amor')

This should be called 'Evolution of Spanish from Latin: Portuguese'.

what about how Latin American Spanish diverged from (modern) Castilian Spanish

She sounds not that different from many native Spanish speakers who live in the US.